Mitigating Potential Threats in Air Cargo

Prashanth Balakrishnan, General Manager, Orient Cargo

To mitigate potential threats in air cargo, stringent security measures are implemented throughout the supply chain. These precautions aim to identify and prevent the transportation of dangerous or prohibited items, enhance supply chain security, and protect against potential risks. Here are some key precautions taken: 

Regulated Security Programs: Governments and international organizations have established security programs and regulations to enhance air cargo security. For example, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) sets global standards and recommended practices through the ICAO Annex 17, Security Manual, and the Air Cargo Security Program. 

Known Consignor and Regulated Agent Programs: Known Consignor (KC) and Regulated Agent (RA) programs are implemented in many countries to ensure secure supply chains. KCs and RAs are entities that meet specific security criteria and are authorized to prepare and secure cargo before transport. These programs focus on validating the security practices of these entities to prevent unauthorized items from entering the air cargo system. 

Screening and Detection Technologies: Advanced screening technologies are utilized to inspect cargo for potential threats. This includes X-ray systems, explosive detection systems (EDS), explosive trace detection (ETD) equipment, and canine teams trained to detect explosives or illicit substances. These technologies help identify prohibited or dangerous items in cargo shipments. 

Cargo Security Training and Awareness: Training programs and initiatives are conducted to educate stakeholders involved in the air cargo supply chain about security best practices. This includes training for cargo handlers, screeners, freight forwarders, and other personnel involved in handling and transporting air cargo. Enhanced awareness helps identify suspicious activities and promotes a security-conscious culture. 

Secure Cargo Chain-of-Custody: Maintaining a secure chain-of-custody throughout the cargo journey is vital. This involves verifying the identity of persons handling the cargo, employing tamper-evident seals and secure packaging, and maintaining records and documentation to track the cargo’s movement and ensure its integrity. 

Risk Assessment and Intelligence Sharing: Risk assessment methodologies are employed to identify high-risk cargo shipments or routes. Intelligence sharing between aviation authorities,

law enforcement agencies, and industry stakeholders helps identify emerging threats, criminal activities, and suspicious behavior, enabling proactive measures to be taken. 

Supply Chain Security: Collaborative efforts are undertaken to enhance supply chain security. This includes conducting audits and inspections of facilities, implementing secure storage and handling procedures, and vetting employees and business partners involved in the cargo supply chain. 

Security Audits and Compliance Checks: Regular security audits and compliance checks are conducted to ensure adherence to security protocols and identify any vulnerabilities in the air cargo system. These audits can be carried out by regulatory authorities, independent auditors, or by implementing self-assessment programs. 

Security Culture and Continuous Improvement: Cultivating a strong security culture within organizations involved in the air cargo supply chain is crucial. Encouraging reporting of suspicious activities, providing channels for anonymous reporting, and fostering a commitment to continuous improvement in security practices are essential aspects of maintaining a robust security posture. 

It’s important to note that the specific precautions and security measures can vary by country, airline, and regulatory requirements. Air cargo security is a multi-layered and collaborative effort involving various stakeholders to minimize risks and maintain the integrity of the global supply chain.